Heating today vs hundred years ago
Fire and fires have existed almost since the beginning of the earth. Lightning and volcanic activity can cause forest fires at any time. Therefore, our forefathers must have known fire as a destroying force of nature. But it was only much later that they began to control fire and use it for their own purposes. Which people they were - for that we must go back to the Stone Age.More...
The history of heating
For all of us, a heated apartment has become a matter of course. Especially in winter, we do not have to worry at all, because the latest technology always offers us a warm home. But the road to this goal was long and often arduous. New technologies with more efficient and cheaper fuels were tested again and again. In the end, climate protection also played an increasingly important role. This project deals with the eventful history of heating.
- The beginnings of heating
- The first underfloor heating already existed in ancient times
- More safety and comfort through stoves and fireplaces
- From the oil crisis to ecological heating
Are you aware of how much heating energy you use in your home?
What is used for heating in Switzerland?
What are the most modern heating technologies?
Are there still outdated heating technologies from back then?
Calculation
Experts and homeowners can also roughly calculate the heating capacity using guide values. These depend on the year of construction as well as the construction method of buildings and lead very quickly to initial results in practice. The following table shows how many kW of heating power are required per square metre of living space:
Baujahr
|
bis 1958
|
180 W/m²
|
|
1959 bis 1068
|
170 W/m²
|
|
1969 bis 1973
|
150 W/m²
|
|
1974 bis 1977
|
115 W/m²
|
|
1978 bis 1983
|
95 W/m²
|
|
1984 bis 1994
|
75 W/m²
|
|
ab 1995
|
60 W/m²
|
Example calculation
A 150-square-metre detached house built in 1975 thus has a heating capacity of 17.25 kilowatts (150 square metres x 115 W/m² = 17,250 watts or 17.25 kW).
It is important to know, however, that the values given are only guide values. If old buildings have been renovated in the meantime to improve their energy efficiency, for example by insulating the exterior walls, the real values are usually lower. The heating output may then be lower.
Media
Taming the fire was one of the greatest achievements of the Stone Age. The centre of every family was the hearth, where people ate, cooked and worked. But how did the Stone Age people make fire?
For example, if you work a piece of pyrite violently with a flint, splinters jump off and ignite themselves. If they hit easily flammable material, they start to glow. Blow caPublishrefully and refeed with dry shavings - this is how a fire starts.
How to make fire
Sources
(1) Geschichte der Heizung (was-war-wann.de)
(2) Gesellschaft & Religion (srf.ch)
(3) Die Wärmepumpe (heliotherm.com)
(4) Vom Lagerfeuer zur Zentralheizung (fischerfutureheat.de)
The lay out of our work will look more or less like this:
[topic]
[teaser]
[summary]
[explanation]
[100 years ago]
[today]
[in 100 years]
[advantages and disadvantages]
[my own opinion]
[author]
[sources]
The rough version of my work is already finished and still needs to be revised, especially the schedule. I was able to contact my former professional supervisor, who will take a look at my work before it is published. As a second person, my colleague Anna will also look at the work and make corrections regarding the spelling, if necessary.
- selmade picture (finished)
- World without humans (title - finished)
- short introduction (finished - but also revising)
- content of our project (still revising)
- photo gallery
- interviews with Ela and Kaan (finished
- our analysis and conclusion (in progress)
- mentions of the team members and collaboration partners (in progress)
My collaboration partners Ela and Kaan are both from Turkey and live in the same place in Istanbul. The distance from Switzerland to Istanbul is about 2200 km, by plane it would take about 3 hours from Zurich.
On the picture below I have circled the town in red where they live.
.png)
_LI.jpg)
Compared to Vision and Imagination, there are some discrepancies. I can't reflect a lot of things exactly yet, since my project is still in progress, but I can already draw some insights from it:
I must honestly admit that the topic was not particularly easy. Especially because it is quite extensive and it is hardly possible to consider every aspect. In the beginning, I planned to start a survey. However, while collecting questions, I quickly realized that the survey would not make much sense in my work, so I had to drop it. Working with my collaboration partners from Turkey gave me new ideas. The exchange also made me rethink topics I had never thought of.
Regarding the project topic "the world without people" I was also able to learn about new issues. I became aware once again of the great influence we humans and especially technology have on the world.
Names of the members of the collaboration team:
Team from Switzerland I: Dilara
Team from Switzerland II: acquaintance of mine who studies natural science
Team from Switzerland III: Family and survey friends
Our research question:
Main question: What would the world look like without humans?
Refined questions:
What influences do we humans have in the environment?
How has the world changed so far because of us (positive/negative)?
How would the first days/months/years look like without us humans?
What would happen to the animals?
What would happen to the houses and cars?
Is it possible that one day humanity really will become extinct?
Goal: The project should show many different aspects so that the work does not become too dull. The main goal is to show answers to the above questions. In addition, this work should draw the attention of many to the huge influence that we humans can actually have and how powerful nature can be.
Idea
Our consumer behavior and the lifestyle of the Western world are becoming a test for the environment. And Switzerland has its part to play in this - both at home and abroad. Less and less of what we consume is produced locally, and more and more is imported. At the same time, Switzerland exports more goods abroad. Products are manufactured, transported, consumed and finally disposed of in a globally organized manner. This uses up natural resources worldwide and pollutes the environment.
Why I think this topic is important
No matter what products we buy, our consumption has consequences for the environment. Exactly which consequences can vary widely. But overall, our consumption behavior is becoming a test of endurance for the environment. Both Germany and many other regions around the world are affected. This is because the manufacture of many products is organized globally.
For example, our consumer behavior affects the emission of greenhouse gases.
.png)
https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/441862/umfrage/private-konsumausgaben-in-der-schweiz-nach-quartalen/
In Q3 2021, private consumer spending in Switzerland was estimated at around 94.7 billion Swiss francs, up on the figure for the prior-year quarter.
Private consumer spending includes spending by private households and spending by non-profit institutions serving households. Due to Corona, consumption was significantly higher.